Foreign exchange market terms

PIP:
In the announcement of rates, every 0.0001 change is called a pip (PIP) and in the change of the yen rate, every 0.01 change is called a pip.
There are two rates in a trade. Rate of purchase from you (Bid) and sale to you (Ask). It is natural that the rate of sale to you is higher than the rate of purchase to you. This difference depends on the broker and varies between 2 to 7 pips, which of course is the market standard of 5 pips, and this distance is called the spread price.
Note: The spread rate is completely dependent on the broker and in some cases there is a big difference between different brokers.

Lot:
Each lot is defined as the equivalent of 100,000 units of currency on the left of a currency pair.

Margin:
This is a credit card account that you only trade in and you do not have the right to withdraw from it. This account gives you several times the initial balance, which depends on the conditions of the broker. It usually varies from 20 to 500 times. Margin actually acts as a lever, so this term is called Leverage, and Leverage 1: 100 means 100 times the initial capital.
Margin Cal or Cal Margin:
If your foreign exchange market positions are so loss-making that your balance is less than the required margin of the foreign exchange market and the broker is afraid that with the continuation of this process, your foreign exchange market account will be zero and the broker will have to bear the rest. , Closes one or all of your foreign exchange market positions and prevents further losses, which is called the foreign exchange market margin.

Position:
An open trade in the foreign exchange market is called a position. You can close a position by doing a trade in the opposite direction.

Swap:
If a foreign exchange market position is open 24 hours a day, a brokerage platform will be charged to maintain it, which is called a foreign exchange swap market. This cost varies in different brokers of the foreign exchange market and in most cases is proportional to the difference in interest rates of the traded currency pair. Some brokers also have positive swaps. There are also brokers that offer non-swapping accounts.

Types of orders:
In general, orders in the foreign exchange market are made in two ways:
1- Instant orders
2- Orders for future execution

1- Instant orders:
These types of orders are made according to the current market trend and rate. For example, a person decides to buy or sell by deciding that he should enter the market now. This type of transaction that is performed manually by the trader in the foreign exchange market is called instant transaction. The types of instant transactions include the following:
BUY
Order to buy a base currency against another currency
SELL
Order to sell base currency against other currencies

2- Orders for future execution:
This type of order is based on the trader’s forecast to create a price fluctuation trend in the future. For example, the trader predicts that if the price exceeds a certain limit, a new upward or downward trend will inevitably occur, so within his broker software he defines that if the rate reaches the defined limit, buy or Sell.
Orders for future execution are divided into different types of sales orders:

BUY LIMIT
We anticipate that the exchange rate will hit an effective support line after a downtrend and begin to fluctuate. In this case, the potential of a buy transaction will be formed, so it can be defined in the broker software that as soon as the price reaches a low and returns up, a certain amount of that currency will be bought for you. This can be summed up as “buying below the current market price”.

SELL LIMIT
This type of trading is when the trader recognizes that the price will start a downward trend after an uptrend and reaching a certain price range. This situation can be briefly called “selling at a price higher than the current market price.”

BUY STOP
Suppose a trader recognizes that the price trend will continue to move after reaching a certain price in an uptrend. In this case, the trader attempts to place a buy trade at a price higher than the current price. Will market, which is called Buy Stop.

SELL STOP
If a trader predicts a sell-off at a price lower than the current market price, a Sell Stop trade can take place. In this case, the trader will define in his brokerage software that after during a downtrend and the price reaches a certain range and continues to sell a certain amount of that currency.

ONE CANCELS THE ORDER (OCO)
This type of order is actually a combination of Take Profit and Stop Loss orders, which means that whichever of them is activated earlier, the other order will be Cancel automatically.

Loop orders
If the market has a Side Trend mode and fluctuates frequently between two lines or ranges of support and resistance, the trader will be able to use Loop orders in his trades. In this method of ordering, two trades can be defined for the system. Which is one of the Buy type and starts in the support line range and the other is the Sell order and is ordered in the resistance range.